SwadhyAI Notes
Molecular Biology Notes
Explore Molecular Biology notes in Swadhyai's Biotechnology collection, organized for structured learning and practical revision.
Lessons
- Definition & Scope
- Discovery of DNA
- DNA, RNA, Proteins
- Molecular Basis of Heredity
- Central Dogma Overview
- Chemical Composition
- Chargaff’s Rules
- Watson–Crick Model
- Double Helix Structure
- Types (A, B, Z)
- DNA Topology
- Denaturation & Renaturation
- DNA Melting Curve
- Chemical Composition
- DNA vs RNA
- Types of RNA
- Secondary Structures
- RNA Folding & Stability
- Semi-conservative Replication
- Origin of Replication
- Replication Fork
- Enzymes Involved
- Leading vs Lagging Strand
- Okazaki Fragments
- Proofreading & Fidelity
- Replication in Prokaryotes
- Replication in Eukaryotes
- Telomeres & Telomerase
- Rolling Circle Replication
- Overview
- RNA Polymerase Structure
- Promoters & Regulation
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
- Prokaryotic Transcription
- Eukaryotic Transcription
- Sigma Factors
- Transcription Factors
- RNA Processing
- Splicing
- RNA Editing
- Properties of Genetic Code
- Codon & Anticodon
- Start & Stop Codons
- Wobble Hypothesis
- Codon Usage Bias
- Reading Frames
- Mutations Affecting Code
- Ribosome Structure
- Role of tRNA
- Charging of tRNA
- Initiation
- Elongation
- Termination
- Translation Factors
- Polysomes
- Inhibitors
- Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
- Protein Folding
- Chaperones
- Disulfide Bond Formation
- Glycosylation
- Phosphorylation
- Acetylation
- Ubiquitination
- Protein Targeting
- Protein Degradation
- Operon Concept
- Lac Operon
- Trp Operon
- Ara Operon
- Positive vs Negative Regulation
- Global Regulation
- Chromatin Structure
- Histones & Nucleosomes
- Euchromatin vs Heterochromatin
- DNA Methylation
- Histone Modification
- Enhancers & Silencers
- Transcriptional Regulation
- Post-transcriptional Regulation
- RNA Interference (RNAi)
- Types of Mutations
- Causes of Mutation
- DNA Damage
- Base Excision Repair
- Nucleotide Excision Repair
- Mismatch Repair
- SOS Repair
- Photoreactivation
- Homologous Recombination
- Site-specific Recombination
- Holliday Junction
- Recombination Enzymes
- Transposition
- Transposons
- Retrotransposons
- Genome Organization
- Gene Density
- Repetitive DNA
- Introns & Exons
- Organelle Genomes
- Genome Complexity
- RNA Silencing
- miRNA & siRNA Pathways
- Epigenetic Regulation
- DNA Methylation Patterns
- Histone Code Hypothesis
- Genomic Imprinting
- X-chromosome Inactivation
- Information Flow
- Coordination
- Coupled Transcription-Translation
- Cellular Control
- Exceptions to Strict Linear Dogma: RT & Mobile Information